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. 2015 Apr 8;2(1):15–42. doi: 10.1159/000377698

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

IHC markers for genetic mutations and epigenetic alteration in melanoma. a, b Cytoplasmic positivity of BRAFV 600E immunostains highlights the melanoma cells with BRAF V600E mutation. c Intratumoral heterogeneity shown by NRAS (Q61R) immunostains correlates with the different NRAS Q16R mutational status confirmed by high-resolution melting analysis and sequencing of NRAS exon 3. Reprinted from Modern Pathology with permission from Nature Publishing Group. IHC for epigenetic DNA hydroxymethylation mark (5-hmC) shows significant loss of 5-hmC positivity in metastatic melanoma (e) compared with strong staining intensity in nevus (d).