Fig. 1.

Inhibition of the cytopathic effect of influenza virus by bamboo leaf extract solution and sodium copper chlorophyllin. A: MDCK cells were exposed to influenza virus, and cultured in the presence or absence of various concentrations of bamboo leaf extract solution (solid column). Control cells were not exposed to the virus (open column). Data were expressed as mean ± standard error (n = 4). B: MDCK cells were pre-incubated to the bamboo leaf extract solution or medium and then exposed to the influenza virus after extensive washing. Cell culture was carried out in the absence of test reagent. The total viable cells were counted on day 3. C: The viable MDCK cells exposed to influenza virus were cultured in the presence or absence of the sodium copper chlorophyllin. D: Pre-incubated MDCK cells to the sodium copper chlorophyllin or medium were exposed to the influenza virus after extensive washing. Cell culture was carried out in the absence of test reagent. *P < 0.05 by Dunnett’s test. MDCK, Madin-Darby canine kidney.