RSV induced hepatic BA synthesis in choline-treated ApoE−/− mice. Eight-week-old female ApoE−/− mice (n = 10 per group) were fed chow, chow with RSV (0.4%), chow with choline (1%), or chow with choline (1%) plus RSV (0.4%) in the absence or presence of Abs for 4 months. (A) Serum TC levels were measured enzymatically using commercially available kits. (B) Liver cholesterol content. (C) The BA pool size was determined for the total BA content of gallbladder bile, liver, and the SI lumenal. BW, body weight. (D to F) Total biliary BA content (D) and total BA content in SI lumenal (E) and liver (F) were detected. (G) Relative expression levels of the indicated mRNAs in the liver were determined by qPCR. (H) Expression of CYP7A1 was analyzed by Western blotting. Values are expressed as means ± SD (n = 10). a, P < 0.05; b, P < 0.01 (versus vehicle-treated control group); c, P < 0.05; d, P < 0.01 (versus choline-treated group); #, P < 0.05 (versus choline and RSV-cotreated group).