Table 1.
Arsenic and 8K-NBD inhibition on muscle and muscle contractile function
| Measurement | Control | As(III) | As(III)+8K-NBD | 8K-NBD | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mice (n) | 6 | 6 | 4 | 3 | |
| Muscle weight (mg) | 61.8 ± 2.4 | 54.5 ± 2.0 | 54.5 ± 5.5 | 52.3 ± 7.0 | 0.29 |
| Muscle length (mm) | 12.5 ± 0.1 | 11.9 ± 0.2a | 12.5 ± 0.1 | 12.4 ± 0.1 | 0.04 |
| Cross-sectional area (mm2) | 4.7 ± 0.2 | 4.3 ± 0.2 | 4.1 ± 0.4 | 4.0 ± 0.5 | 0.40 |
| Maximum twitch torque (milliNm) | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.12 ± 0.03 | 0.26 |
| Maximum tetanic torque (milliNm) | 1.43 ± 0.15 | 1.08 ± 0.12 | 1.45 ± 0.18 | 1.72 ± 0.18 | 0.08 |
| Specific twitch force (milliN/mm2) | 4.04 ± 0.45 | 3.58 ± 0.22 | 4.03 ± 0.31 | 3.59 ± 1.29 | 0.85 |
| Maximum specific tetanic force (milliN/mm2) | 10.2 ± 1.3 | 7.2 ± 1.0b | 12.4 ± 0.2 | 15.1 ± 3.0 | 0.01 |
| Frequency for maximum specific tetanic force (Hz) | 75.0 ± 16.5 | 96.7 ± 18.6 | 90.0 ± 21.2 | 70.0 ± 10.0 | 0.73 |
| Time to peak twitch (s) | 0.35 ± 0.06 | 0.35 ± 0.05 | 0.27 ± 0.09 | 0.42 ± 0.06 | 0.53 |
| Half-relaxation time (s) | 0.170 ± 0.084 | 0.053 ± 0.029 | 0.002 ± 0.001 | 0.013 ± 0.007 | 0.17 |
Data are presented as the mean ± SEM and statistical differences were determined by standard one-way analysis of variance.
a
Significantly different from Control;
b
Significantly different from 8K-NBD.
Abbreviations: 8K-NBD eight lysine protein transduction domain (8K)/NEMO binding domain.