Table 2.
Potential biomarkers for Ewing sarcoma.
| Study approach | Type of biomarker | Candidate biomarker | Regulation | Sample | Technique | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genomics | Diagnostic and prognostic | ccf mtDNA | ↓ | Serum | qRT-PCR | (80) |
| Prognostic | cadherin-11 and MTA1 | — | Tissue | cRNA oligonucleotide microarray; qRT-PCR | (83) | |
| Prognostic | CXCR4 and CXCR7 | ↑ (poor prognosis) | Cell lines | qRT-PCR | (81) | |
| Prognostic | miR-34a | ↓ (poor prognosis) | Tissue | Microarray; qRT-PCR; Northern blot | (82) | |
| Proteomics | Prognostic | Nucleophosmin | ↑ (poor prognosis) | Tissue | 2D-DIGE; LC-ESI-MS/MS; IHC | (84) |