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. 2016 Mar 31;4:30. doi: 10.1186/s40478-016-0295-6

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© Srivastava et al. 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 7 — Reduction of CASK expression in cells and brain reduces oxidative metabolism. a Representative Western blot showing endogenous CASK expression in human embryonic kidney (HEK293-PLKO) cells as well as CASK knockdown in HEK293 cells using shRNA692 (HEK-692). b Quantitation of CASK knockdown (KD) in HEK293 cells using shRNA692 (* indicates p < 0.05; n = 3) (WT = wildtype). c Hemocytometer cell count in CASK knockdown (KD) HEK293 cells compared to wild-type control cells (WT). Bar graphs are plotted as mean ± SEM (n = 4; * indicates p < 0.05). d Lactate measurement from the culture media of wild-type control (WT) or CASK knockdown (KD) HEK293 cells. Bar graphs are plotted as mean ± SEM (* indicates p < 0.05; n = 3). e Total cellular respiration rate in CASK knockdown (KD) HEK293 cells and CASK knockdown HEK293 cells overexpressing recombinant rat CASK protein (KD + CASK) compared to the wild-type control cells (WT). Respiration is normalized to total protein levels (n = 4; * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01). f Oxygen consumption rate measured in brain homogenates isolated from one month old CASK ^(+/+) and CASK ^(+/-) mice. Respiration rate is normalized to the total protein content (* indicates p < 0.05; n = 4). g Glucose oxidation rate measured in brain homogenates isolated from CASK ^(+/+) and CASK ^(+/-) sex-matched littermate mice (* indicates p < 0.05; n = 4)