Table 1.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria for persons with schizophrenia participated in the study

Inclusion criteria
♦	Being diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the DSM-IV-TR by a psychiatrist
♦	Cognitive capacity to understand and provide informed consent to participate
♦	Ability to understand and communicate in Chinese
♦	Between the ages of 18 and 65 years
Exclusion criteria
♦	Acute psychosis or neurological illness at the time of the interview
♦	Receiving any in-patient psychiatric care (hospitalisation)
♦	Diagnosed with co-morbid psychiatric disorders (e.g. major depression, personality disorders)
♦	Life-threatening medical illness that limits a client’s life expectancy to 1 year, as diagnosed by a physician
♦	Cognitive impairment as assessed by a mental-health professional that renders the client unable to participate in the interview