Table 3.
Representative differentially expressed genes with higher expression levels in dental pulp tissue than in umbilical cord.
| Functional category | Gene symbol | Biological process | Accession number | Absolute fold change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomineral tissue development | PHEX | Bone and dentin mineralization | NM_000444 | 160.01 |
| DMP1 | Bone and dentin mineralization | NM_004407 | 99.20 | |
| CALB1 | Hydroxyapatite formation | NM_004929 | 98.07 | |
| MMP20 | Regulation of enamel mineralization, proteolysis | NM_004771 | 85.26 | |
| AMBN | Bone mineralization, odontogenesis of dentine-containing tooth | NM_016519 | 65.69 | |
| DSPP | Odontogenesis of dentine-containing tooth | NM_014208 | 41.26 | |
| ALPL | Biomineral tissue development | NM_000478 | 14.83 | |
| DLX1 | Odontogenesis of dentine-containing tooth | NM_178120 | 9.55 | |
| LHX8 | Odontogenesis of dentine-containing tooth | NM_001001933 | 7.56 | |
| CA2 | Odontogenesis of dentine-containing tooth | NM_000067 | 7.07 | |
| RUNX2 | Ossification, osteoblast differentiation | NM_001024630 | 6.53 | |
| LEF1 | Odontogenesis of dentine-containing tooth | NM_016269 | 6.24 | |
| PAX9 | Tooth development | NM_006194 | 5.79 | |
| MSX1 | Odontogenesis, craniofacial development | NM_002448 | 4.04 | |
| WNT10A | Regulation of odontogenesis of dentine-containing tooth | NM_025216 | 3.87 | |
|
| ||||
| Developmental process | DLX5 | Osteoblast differentiation | NM_005221 | 30.01 |
| DLX3 | Multicellular organismal development | NM_005220 | 26.13 | |
| ADAM22 | Proteolysis, central nervous system development | NM_021723 | 25.00 | |
| NES | Central nervous system development | NM_006617 | 15.67 | |
| BMP7 | Ossification, organ morphogenesis | NM_001719 | 15.60 | |
| BMPR1B | Skeletal system development, cartilage condensation | NM_001203 | 13.53 | |
| MSX2 | Skeletal system development, osteoblast differentiation | NM_002449 | 9.32 | |
| COL11A2 | Skeletal system morphogenesis, cartilage development, palate development | NM_001163771 | 8.55 | |
| BMP5 | Skeletal system development, ossification | NM_021073 | 6.08 | |
| TBX3 | Blood vessel development, in utero embryonic development | NM_016569 | 5.93 | |
| MBP | Central nervous system development, myelination | NM_001025101 | 4.95 | |
| DLX6 | Multicellular organismal development, nervous system development | NM_005222 | 4.12 | |
| NRCAM | Axonogenesis, central nervous system development | NM_001193582 | 4.09 | |
| SNAI1 | Osteoblast differentiation, mesoderm formation | NM_005985 | 3.78 | |
| HLF | Multicellular organismal development, rhythmic process | NM_002126 | 3.23 | |
| BMP2 | Development of bone and cartilage | NM_001200 | 2.11 | |
|
| ||||
| Physiological process | TF | Controlling iron concentrations, erythropoiesis | NM_001063 | 153.98 |
| SCN7A | Sodium ion transport, muscle contraction | NM_002976 | 82.36 | |
| APOD | Lipid metabolic process | NM_001647 | 41.22 | |
| PLAT | Response to hypoxia, blood coagulation | NM_000930 | 10.20 | |
| CD52 | Elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration | NM_001803 | 4.29 | |
| CYGB | Response to oxidative stress, oxygen transport | NM_134268 | 3.98 | |
| MYOT | Muscle contraction | NM_006790 | 3.26 | |
|
| ||||
| Signal transduction and regulation | WIF1 | Wnt receptor signaling pathway | NM_007191 | 70.19 |
| PTN | Transmembrane receptor protein signaling pathway | NM_002825 | 38.17 | |
| WNT5A | Oncogenesis, embryogenesis | NM_003392 | 13.68 | |
| NCAM1 | Neurite outgrowth, synaptic plasticity | NM_181351 | 7.87 | |
| NCAM2 | Neurite outgrowth, synaptic plasticity | NM_004540 | 7.38 | |
| RASGRF2 | Induction of apoptosis by extracellular signals | NM_006909 | 6.88 | |
| CHN1 | Signal transduction | NM_001822 | 6.56 | |
| MET | Cell surface receptor linked signaling pathway | NM_001127500 | 3.01 | |
|
| ||||
| Cell regulation and proliferation | SCIN | Negative regulation of cell proliferation | NM_001112706 | 58.65 |
| RELN | Cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation | NM_005045 | 49.12 | |
| NES | Structural organization of the cell | NM_006617 | 15.67 | |
| MEGF10 | Phagocytosis | NM_032446 | 9.89 | |
| EPCAM | Positive regulation of cell proliferation | NM_002354 | 8.79 | |
| PDGFD | Positive regulation of cell division | NM_025208 | 5.43 | |
| CLU | Cell death, positive regulation of cell proliferation | NM_001831 | 5.19 | |
| VEGFC | Angiogenesis, positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation | NM_005429 | 3.74 | |
| MSI2 | Stem cell development | NM_138962 | 3.55 | |
| DBC1 | Cell cycle arrest, cell death | NM_014618 | 3.32 | |
| TGFB1 | Cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis | NM_000660 | 3.14 | |
| IGFBP6 | Regulation of cell growth | NM_002178 | 3.07 | |
|
| ||||
| Cytokine, chemokine, and immune response | IGJ | Immune response | NM_144646 | 22.65 |
| IGHD | Immune response | BC021276 | 11.30 | |
| CXCL14 | Chemotaxis, immune response, inhibiting angiogenesis | NM_004887 | 8.74 | |
| SELE | Leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response | NM_000450 | 5.82 | |
| MX1 | Induction of apoptosis, defense response, response to virus | NM_002462 | 5.24 | |
| IFI44 | Response to virus | NM_006417 | 5.05 | |
| CX3CL1 | Chemotaxis, defense response, immune response | NM_002996 | 3.60 | |
| CFI | Innate immune response | NM_000204 | 3.17 | |