Table 2. Potential new therapeutic targets in mitochondria.
These new targets are shown in Fig. 1 and have been tested in preclinical studies.
| Compound | Compound type | Target site or mechanism | Disease | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NMN | Small molecule | NAD+, protein acetylation | Heart failure, metabolic diseases, neurodegeneration, aging | (22, 30, 32) |
| NR | Small molecule | NAD+, protein acetylation | Metabolic diseases, aging | (24) |
| P7C3 chemicals | Small molecule | Activate NAMPT | Neurodegeneration | (31) |
| Honokiol | Small molecule | Activate SIRT3 | Cardiac hypertrophy | (82) |
| Ru360 | Small molecule | MCU | Myocardial infarction | (38, 40) |
| Cyclophilin D–specific inhibitors | Small molecule | mPTP | Ischemic disease | (83–86) |
| Mdivi-1 | Small molecule | DRP1 | Ischemic disease, neurodegeneration | (56, 87) |
| S3 | Small molecule | MFN | Neurodegeneration | (57) |
| P110 | Small peptide | DRP1 | Neurodegeneration | (55, 88) |