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. 2016 Feb 1;53(4):280–288. doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103342

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The pleiotropic effect of the Z allele on respiratory capacity and height. ‘Unadjusted’ estimates are from the (upper circle) one-step fixed effects analyses of z-scored forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) or z-scored forced vital capacity (FVC) on protease inhibitor (PI)-MZ versus PI-MM adjusted for age and sex or (lower circle) from the one-step fixed effects analysis of height (cm) on PI-MZ versus PI-MM adjusted for age and sex. The ‘adjusted’ estimates are additionally adjusted for (upper circle) height (cm) and (lower circle) z-scored FEV1 and z-scored FVC simultaneously.