Table 4.
The association between time-varying household wealth and all-cause and cause-specific mortality by age
| 50–64 years | ≥65 years | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time-varying household wealth tertiles | Time-varying household wealth tertiles | |||||
| Wealthiest | Intermediate | Poorest | Wealthiest | Intermediate | Poorest | |
| All-cause mortality | ||||||
| Number of deaths | 94 | 118 | 196 | 453 | 578 | 962 |
| Model 1 HR (95% CI)* | 1.00 (reference) | 1.53 (1.31 to 1.78) | 3.00 (2.61 to 3.45) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.22 (1.13 to 1.31) | 1.68 (1.58 to 1.79) |
| Model 2 HR (95% CI)† | 1.00 (reference) | 1.24 (1.06 to 1.44) | 1.85 (1.59 to 2.16) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.13 (1.05 to 1.21) | 1.42 (1.32 to 1.51) |
| Model 3 HR (95% CI)‡ | 1.00 (reference) | 1.20 (1.03 to 1.40) | 1.73 (1.47 to 2.02) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.12 (1.04 to 1.20) | 1.39 (1.30 to 1.48) |
| Cardiovascular mortality | ||||||
| Number of deaths | 11 | 31 | 59 | 141 | 198 | 377 |
| Model 1 HR (95% CI)* | 1.00 (reference) | 2.50 (1.78 to 3.49) | 5.16 (3.78 to 7.04) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.30 (1.15 to 1.47) | 1.80 (1.61 to 2.01) |
| Model 2 HR (95% CI)† | 1.00 (reference) | 1.92 (1.36 to 2.69) | 2.72 (1.93 to 3.84) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.21 (1.07 to 1.36) | 1.53 (1.37 to 1.72) |
| Model 3 HR (95% CI)‡ | 1.00 (reference) | 1.77 (1.25 to 2.49) | 2.40 (1.69 to 3.41) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.19 (1.05 to 1.34) | 1.50 (1.33 to 1.68) |
| Cancer mortality | ||||||
| Number of deaths | 63 | 59 | 74 | 155 | 172 | 213 |
| Model 1 HR (95% CI)* | 1.00 (reference) | 1.21 (0.98 to 1.51) | 1.89 (1.55 to 2.30) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.13 (0.99 to 1.28) | 1.32 (1.17 to 1.48) |
| Model 2 HR (95% CI)† | 1.00 (reference) | 1.03 (0.83 to 1.28) | 1.32 (1.07 to 1.64) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.05 (0.93 to 1.20) | 1.14 (1.00 to 1.29) |
| Model 3 HR (95% CI)‡ | 1.00 (reference) | 1.01 (0.81 to 1.25) | 1.25 (1.01 to 1.56) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.04 (0.91 to 1.18) | 1.11 (0.98 to 1.26) |
| Other mortality | ||||||
| Number of deaths | 20 | 28 | 63 | 157 | 208 | 372 |
| Model 1 HR (95% CI)* | 1.00 (reference) | 1.68 (1.23 to 2.28) | 4.29 (3.29 to 5.59) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.24 (1.10 to 1.40) | 1.88 (1.70 to 2.08) |
| Model 2 HR (95% CI)† | 1.00 (reference) | 1.32 (0.96 to 1.80) | 2.48 (1.87 to 3.30) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.14 (1.01 to 1.29) | 1.54 (1.39 to 1.71) |
| Model 3 HR (95% CI)‡ | 1.00 (reference) | 1.31 (0.96 to 1.79) | 2.36 (1.77 to 3.16) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.14 (1.00 to 1.29) | 1.51 (1.36 to 1.69) |
| Sample sizes | ||||||
| Number of participants | 2012 | 1850 | 1507 | 1457 | 1618 | 1861 |
| Person years of follow-up | 20 668 | 18 863 | 14 869 | 13 222 | 14 318 | 14 492 |
*Adjusted for age, sex and baseline marital status.
†As model 1, plus adjustment for baseline smoking and time-varying physical activity.
‡As model 2, plus adjustment for time-varying elevated depressive symptoms and baseline body mass index.