Table 2.
Prevalence and grade of diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy, subdivided by gender. Individuals were classified by the eye with more advanced disease
| Clinical stage | Total | Male | Female | P‐value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | (%) | (95% CI) | n | (%) | (95% CI) | n | (%) | (95% CI) | ||
| Retinopathy | ||||||||||
| None | 2296 | 72.0 | (70.5–73.6) | 823 | 70.4 | (67.8–73.0) | 1473 | 73.0 | (71.1–75.0) | |
| BDR | 607 | 19.1 | (17.7–20.4) | 228 | 19.5 | (17.2–21.8) | 379 | 18.8 | (17.1–20.5) | |
| PPDR | 191 | 6.0 | (5.2–6.8) | 81 | 6.9 | (5.5–8.4) | 110 | 5.5 | (4.5–6.4) | |
| PDR | 93 | 2.9 | (2.3–3.5) | 37 | 3.1 | (2.2–4.2) | 56 | 2.8 | (2.1–3.5) | 0.2639 |
| Total | 3187 | 1169 | 2018 | |||||||
| Maculopathy | ||||||||||
| None | 2648 | 83.9 | (82.6–85.2) | 965 | 83.5 | (81.3–85.6) | 1683 | 84.1 | (82.5–85.7) | |
| Non‐referable | 143 | 4.5 | (3.8–5.3) | 61 | 5.3 | (4.0–6.6) | 82 | 4.1 | (3.2–5.0) | |
| Referable | 366 | 11.6 | (10.5–12.7) | 130 | 11.6 | (9.4–13.1) | 236 | 11.8 | (10.4–13.2) | 0.2904 |
| Total | 3157 | 1156 | 2001 | |||||||
BDR, background diabetic retinopathy; PPDR, pre‐proliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR, proliferative retinopathy. P‐values were calculated using by chi‐squared to test for differences between males and females in the stages of retinopathy and maculopathy.