Fig. 2.

Dietary intervention with FFBB reduced pulmonary eosinophilic inflammation in the lungs of HDM-allergic mice. Differentiation of inflammatory cell infiltration in the BALF of house dust mite-allergic mice. HDM–PBS: HDM-sensitized and PBS-challenged mice (white bars), HDM–HDM: HDM-sensitized and HDM-challenged mice (gray bars), Contr: control diet, GFBB: mixture of GOS and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharide with Bifidobacterium breve M-16V diet, FFBB: mixture of short-chain fructo-oligosaccharide and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharide with Bifidobacterium breve M-16V diet. Total BALF cells (a), absolute number of eosinophils (b), lymphocytes (c), macrophages (d) and neutrophils (e). Results are shown as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance of differences by one-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 compared to HDM–HDM; ^$$ P < 0.01, ^$$$ P < 0.001, ^$$$$ P < 0.0001 compared to HDM–PBS group of corresponding diet, n = 6–9 mice/group