TABLE 2.
Dynamic Elastography Techniques
| Modality, Implementations | Brand Name (Manufacturer) | Shear Wave
|
Parameter (Units) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Generation | Duration | Frequency | Imaging | |||
|
| ||||||
| Ultrasound | ||||||
| 1D Transient elastography | FibroScan (Echosens) | Mechanical | Transient | 50 Hz | No anatomic image | Young elastic modulus (kPa) |
| Point shear-wave elastography | Virtual Touch Quantification (Siemens Healthcare) | Ultrasound (acoustic radiation force impulse) | Transient | Variable and difficult to precisely control | Location of ROI overlain on 2D B-mode image | Shear-wave speed (m/s) |
| Shear-wave elastography | Shear Wave Elastography (Supersonic Imagine) | Ultrasound (multipoint focalization of acoustic radiation force impulse) | Transient | Variable and difficult to precisely control | Quantitative elastogram within 2D image, with possibility to superimpose ROI | Young elastic modulus (kPa) |
| MRI | ||||||
| MR elastography | MR Elastography (GE Healthcare, Philips Healthcare, Siemens Healthcare) | Mechanical | Continuous | 60 Hz | Quantitative elastogram of one or more 2D slicesa | Magnitude of complex shear modulus (kPa) |
a
Not all stiffness data are valid on the 2D elastogram. Valid data are considered reliable on the basis of confidence map and with good wave propagation.