. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Prev Med. 2015 May 26;49(3):345–353. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.02.016

Table 3.

Model Results

	Current situation	5 dB reduction scenario estimate	Difference (current – reduction scenario)
Model 1: Coronary Heart Disease
N people exposed ≥ 55 dBA L_DN	145.5 million	0	−145.5 million
N affected individuals	15.4 million	15.1 million	− 279,000
Population risk	4.89%	4.80%	− 0.09 % points
Annual cost, direct	$96 billion	$94.3 billion	− $1.7 billion
Annual cost, indirect	$81.1 billion	$79.6 billion	− $1.5 billion
Model 2: Hypertension
N people exposed ≥ 55 dBA L_DN	145.5 million	0	−145.5 million
N affected individuals	77.9 million	76.7 million	− 1.2 million
Population risk	24.7%	24.3%	− 0.4 % points
Annual cost, direct	$47.5 billion	$46.8 billion	− $684 million
Annual cost, indirect	$3.5 billion	$3.4 billion	− $50 million

Note: Data sources and assumptions for “Current situation” explained in Table 2.