Table 1.

Characteristics of included studies: Participants^a

Study ID	Country	Total N	% Female	Mean age	BMI, mean (SD)	Participant inclusion criteriab	Control N
Control group category A (Leaflet/advice only and/or non-weight-related follow‐up)
Bertz 2012 17	Sweden	68	100%	32	30.2 (3.4)	Women 8‐12 weeks post‐partum	17
Fitzgibbon 2010 18	USA	213	100%	46	39.8 (5.8)	African‐American women	106
Foster‐Schubert 2012 19	USA	439	100%	58	30.7 (3.9)	Post‐menopausal women	87
Jeffrey and Wing 1995 20, c	USA	202	50%	37	31.1d		40
Jolly 2011 21	UK	640	71%	49	33.9 (4.4)		100
Kuller 2012 22	USA	508	100%	57	30.9 (3.8)	Post‐menopausal women	255
Nanchahal 2011 23	UK	381	73%	49	33.9 (5.6)		190
Patrick 2011 24	USA	441	0%	44	34.3 (4.0)	Men	217
Rejeski 2011 25	USA	288	67%	67	32.6 (3.5)	Older adults, evidence of CVD or metabolic syndrome, self‐reported mobility limitation	93
Silva 2010 26	Portugal	239	100%	38	31.3 (4.0)	Pre‐menopausal women	116
Stevens 1993 27	USA	564	79%	43	29.5 (2.8)	Baseline blood pressure in high normal range	256
Stevens 2001 28	USA	1191	34%	43	30.9 (3.2)	As above	596
Vissers 2010 29	Belgium	79	NR	45	30.8 (3.4)		21
Control group category B (Single weight management session)
Appel 2011 30	USA	415	64%	54	36.8 (5.1)	One or more CVD risk factors	138
Eriksson 2009 31	Sweden	151	57%	54	29.4 (5.1)	Additional risk factor for type 2 diabetes	76
Hersey 2012 32	USA	1755	74%	NR	33.6e		598
Lindstrom 2003 33	Finland	522	67%	55	31.1 (4.5)	High risk for type 2 diabetes	257
Mensink 2003 34	Netherlands	114	43%	57	29.3 (3.1)	Elevated fasting glucose	59
Morgan 2011 35	Australia	65	0%	36	30.5 (3.0)	Men	31
Penn 2009 36	UK	102	60%	57	33.5 (4.6)	Impaired glucose tolerance	51
Ross 2012 37	Canada	490	71%	52	32.0 (4.2)		208
Vermunt 2011 38	Netherlands	925	60%	58	28.5 (4.1)	Elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes	444
Control group category C (Seeing a professional without specific training)
Dale 2008 39	New Zealand	79	67%	46	36.5 (4.3)	Impaired insulin sensitivity	23
DPP 40	USA	2161	69%	50	34.2 (6.7)	Impaired glucose tolerance	1082
Heshka 2006 41	USA	433	82%	45	33.6 (3.7)		212
Jebb 2011 42	UK, Germany, and Australia	772	87%	47	31.3 (2.6)		395
Munsch 2003 43	Switzerland	122	75%	46	32.6 (1.8)		17
Rock 2010 44	USA	442	100%	44	34.0 (3.2)	Women	111
Villareal 2011 45	USA	107	63%	70	37.3 (4.7)	Aged 65 years or older, mild to moderate frailty	27
Wadden 2011 46	USA	261	80%	52	39.0 (4.8)	Have ≥ 2 criteria for metabolic syndrome	130

^aNR: not reported.

^bBeyond being adults of both genders with overweight/obesity.

^cDid not contribute to weight change analyses due to insufficient data.

^dSD not available.

^eAcross all arms, SD not available.