Table 7.
Most critical risk factors based on education level.
| Risk factor (smoking, alcohol consumption, drugs) | Education | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Basic | High school | University | Pearson’s χ2 test: p-value | ||
| Never smoked | Count | 14 | 83 | 114 | <0.001 |
| Percent | 20.6 | 59.7 | 78.1 | ||
| Gave up before pregnancy | Count | 14 | 26 | 18 | |
| Percent | 20.6 | 18.7 | 12.3 | ||
| Gave up during pregnancy | Count | 19 | 20 | 11 | |
| Percent | 27.9 | 14.4 | 7.5 | ||
| Current smoker (even during pregnancy) | Count | 16 | 4 | 0 | |
| Percent | 23.5 | 2.9 | 0.0 | ||
| Passive smoking during pregnancy | Count | 5 | 6 | 3 | |
| Percent | 7.4 | 4.3 | 2.1 | ||
|
|
|||||
| Never drank alcohol | Count | 11 | 10 | 6 | 0.017 |
| Percent | 16.4 | 7.0 | 4.1 | ||
| Gave up before pregnancy | Count | 42 | 88 | 86 | |
| Percent | 62.7 | 62.0 | 58.9 | ||
| Occasionally during pregnancy | Count | 14 | 44 | 52 | |
| Percent | 20.9 | 31.0 | 35.6 | ||
| Current alcohol consumption (even during pregnancy) | Count | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| Percent | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | ||
|
|
|||||
| Never tried illicit drugs | Count | 57 | 130 | 129 | 0.117 |
| Percent | 87.7 | 92.9 | 88.4 | ||
| Gave up before pregnancy | Count | 6 | 9 | 17 | |
| Percent | 9.2 | 6.4 | 11.6 | ||
| Gave up during pregnancy | Count | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
| Percent | 3.1 | 0.7 | 0.0 | ||
| Occasionally during pregnancy | Count | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Percent | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
*
Column percentages presented