Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics (N=4,008)
| Characteristic | ECG-LVH (n=136) |
No ECG-LVH (n=3,872) |
P-value* | Echo-LVH (n=208) |
No Echo-LVH (n=3,800) |
P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | ||||||
| 65-70 (%) | 45 (33) | 1,736 (45) | 108 (52) | 1,673 (44) | ||
| 71-74 (%) | 35 (26) | 911 (24) | 44 (21) | 902 (24) | ||
| 75-80 (%) | 37 (27) | 866 (22) | 46 (22) | 857 (23) | ||
| >80 (%) | 19 (14) | 359 (9.3) | 0.032 | 10 (4.8) | 368 (10) | 0.040 |
| Male (%) | 36 (26) | 1,609 (42) | 0.0004 | 84 (40) | 1,561 (41) | 0.84 |
| High school or less (%) | 75 (55) | 2,174 (56) | 0.82 | 138 (66) | 2,111 (56) | 0.0023 |
| Income <$25,000 (%) | 84 (62) | 2,343 (61) | 0.77 | 138 (66) | 2,289 (60) | 0.079 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 26 (3.5) | 26 (4.0) | 0.23 | 31 (3.9) | 26 (3.8) | <0.0001 |
| Current or former smoker (%) | 52 (38) | 2,084 (54) | 0.0003 | 103 (50) | 2,033 (54) | 0.26 |
| Diabetes (%) | 27 (20) | 526 (14) | 0.037 | 60 (29) | 493 (13) | <0.0001 |
| Atrial fibrillation (%) | 16 (12) | 180 (4.7) | 0.0002 | 21 (10) | 175 (4.6) | 0.0003 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg | 150 (22) | 138 (19) | <0.0001 | 143 (20) | 138 (20) | 0.0002 |
| Total cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 216 (40) | 213 (39) | 0.31 | 212 (42) | 213 (39) | 0.42 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 51 (16) | 54 (16) | 0.015 | 47 (12) | 55 (16) | <0.0001 |
| Antihypertensive medication use (%) | 87 (64) | 1,623 (42) | <0.0001 | 134 (64) | 1,576 (41) | <0.0001 |
| Statin use (%) | 2 (1.5) | 76 (2.0) | 0.68 | 4 (1.9) | 74 (2.0) | 0.98 |
| Aspirin use (%) | 46 (34) | 1,264 (33) | 0.77 | 80 (38) | 1,230 (32) | 0.068 |
| Cardiovascular disease (%) | 42 (31) | 705 (18) | 0.0002 | 75 (36) | 672 (18) | <0.0001 |
*
Statistical significance for continuous data was tested using Wilcoxon rank-sum procedure and categorical data was tested using the chi-square test.
ECG-LVH=electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy; echo-LVH=echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy; HDL=high-density lipoprotein; SD=standard deviation.