Table 1.

List of all studies considered and excluded with Jadad scores and reasons for exclusion.

Serial number	Reference	Jadad score	Reason for exclusion
1	Jajić et al. [4]	3	—
2	Montrone et al. [6]	3	—
3	Bianchi Porro et al. [8]	3	—
4	Niccoli et al. [9]	3	No significant gastrointestinal components discussed
5	Lazzaroni et al. [5]	2	Study conducted in healthy volunteers
6	Kirkova et al. [10]	—	In vivo study
7	Sostres et al. [11]	—	Not a RCT
8	Pisano et al. [7]	—	Preclinical study
9	Coruzzi et al. [12]	—	Preclinical study
10	Tubaro et al. [13]	—	Preclinical study
11	Tubaro et al. [14]	—	Preclinical study
12	Patrignani et al. [15]	—	Not a RCT
13	Li et al. [16]	—	Preclinical study
14	Rong et al. [17]	—	Preclinical study
15	Allison et al. [18]	—	Not a RCT
16	Riezzo et al. [19]	—	Study in healthy volunteers; GI adverse effects not discussed
17	Vicari et al. [20]	—	Not a RCT, published in Italian
18	Morini et al. [21]	—	Preclinical study
19	Hotha et al. [22]	—	Preclinical study