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. 2016 Mar 24;7:11109. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11109

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Based on linear mixed models (N=209 plots). (a) The biodiversity effect (increase in number of functions above a threshold level per extra species) for a range of multifunctionality thresholds. The dotted, horizontal line indicates a biodiversity effect of zero. The grey polygon indicates the 95% confidence interval. (b) Average (across functions) overall effects of diversity, and effects of complementarity and selection (±s.e.m.) on individual ecosystem functions are non-significant (all P>0.05). (c,d) The multifunctionality value (number of functions above a 40% (c) or 90% (d) threshold value) as a response to species richness (both P<0.05).