Table 1.
Demographic characteristics for the respondents by the type of coverage
| Insured | Uninsured | Significance tests | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Private | Public | RPIE | EME | χ2P | |||
| n = 9,428 | n = 2,371 | n = 2,172 | n = 2,894 | Private vs. Public | RPIE vs. EME | Private vs. RPIE | Public vs. EME | |
| Age (years) | (M) 45.59 ± 0.109 | (M) 45.37 ± 0.229 | (M) 43.69 ± 0.199 | (M) 41.41 ± 0.216 | .943a | ***a | ***a | ***a |
| 27–45 | 48.8 % | 48.8 % | 54.5 % | 66.0 % | .946 | *** | *** | *** |
| 46–64 | 51.2 % | 51.2 % | 45.5 % | 34.0 % | ||||
| Sex, Female | 52.7 % | 64.9 % | 45.9 % | 55.2 % | *** | *** | *** | *** |
| Race/Ethnicity | *** | *** | *** | *** | ||||
| Hispanic | 19.2 % | 31.3 % | 43.0 % | 54.2 % | ||||
| White/ Non-Hispanic | 51.4 % | 29.6 % | 30.4 % | 18.6 % | ||||
| Black/ Non-Hispanic | 17.6 % | 31.4 % | 17.3 % | 22.7 % | ||||
| Asian | 9.7 % | 5.1 % | 7.4 % | 3.7 % | ||||
| Others | 2.1 % | 2.6 % | 1.9 % | 0.8 % | ||||
| Education, College or Higher Education (more than 12 years) | 67.0 % | 29.1 % | 40.5 % | 26.5 % | *** | *** | *** | .05 |
| Married | 68.4 % | 33.9 % | 53.6 % | 42.2 % | *** | *** | *** | *** |
| Employed | 85.1 % | 28.6 % | 73.5 % | 52.0 % | *** | *** | *** | *** |
| Family Income | *** | *** | *** | *** | ||||
| Low income (<200 % FPL) | 17.5 % | 82.0 % | 33.8 % | 100 % | ||||
| Middle income (≥ 200 to < 400 % FPL) | 34.5 % | 14.2 % | 47.9 % | . | ||||
| High income (≥ 400 % FPL) | 48.0 % | 3.8 % | 18.3 % | . | ||||
| Family Size | *** | *** | *** | *** | ||||
| < 3 | 41.1 % | 42.6 % | 38.7 % | 31.4 % | ||||
| 3 to 4 | 42.4 % | 36.0 % | 37.8 % | 33.9 % | ||||
| 5 to 7 | 15.8 % | 19.4 % | 21.2 % | 30.7 % | ||||
| > 7 | 0.7 % | 2.0 % | 2.3 % | 4.0 % | ||||
| Region | *** | *** | *** | *** | ||||
| Northeast | 16 % | 26.7 % | 12.6 % | 10.9 % | ||||
| Midwest | 21.2 % | 17.0 % | 14.3 % | 12.4 % | ||||
| South | 35.6 % | 31.2 % | 42.0 % | 49.8 % | ||||
| West | 27.3 % | 25.2 % | 31.1 % | 26.9 % | ||||
Note. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, based on χ 2 analysis; Data from Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) 2012; Numbers are unweighted and percentages do not always equal 100 due to rounding or missing data
RPIE the Uninsured Who Will Likely Be Required to Purchase Health Insurance through the Exchanges under the ACA Enactment, EME the Uninsured Who Will Likely Be Eligible for Medicaid Expansion, FPL Federal Poverty Level in 2012
a Tests for differences between insurance groups based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA)