Table 2.

Annual (2005) Dental Utilization and Expenditures from Medicaid Dental Claims for Young Medicaid Children by Mother’s Racial/Ethnic Group^*

	Black Mothers (n=661)		Hispanic Mothers (n=1142)		White Mothers (n=1094)		p-value
% Children with any use of dental services	62%		78%		67%		< 0.001
Total expenditures and average number of services, by category, for children with claims (SD: standard deviation)
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Total expenditures	$227	$243	$308	$355	$277	$325	< 0.001
Oral exams	1.42	0.79	1.73	1.03	1.55	0.84	< 0.001
Diagnostic	1.70	1.54	1.94	1.71	1.72	1.56	0.011
Preventive	3.64	2.83	4.43	3.32	3.99	2.77	< 0.001
Restorative	1.31	2.34	1.83	2.96	1.58	2.76	0.005
Surgical	0.25	0.74	0.30	0.94	0.25	0.74	0.365
Adjunctive/Emergency (palliative)	0.45	0.97	0.62	1.37	0.53	1.18	0.051
Oral exams	1.41	0.78	1.68	0.99	1.53	0.82	< 0.001
Limited visual assessment	0.01	0.09	0.04	0.21	0.03	0.18	0.003
X-rays	1.70	1.54	1.93	1.71	1.72	1.55	0.011
Prophylaxes	0.13	0.36	0.17	0.43	0.21	0.46	0.010
Oral health education	1.08	0.69	1.40	1.01	1.26	0.87	< 0.001
Fluoride	1.21	0.72	1.55	0.94	1.34	0.71	< 0.001
Sealants (per tooth)	1.17	2.28	1.26	2.44	1.13	2.23	0.548
Space maintenance	0.03	0.24	0.05	0.30	0.05	0.29	0.722
Amalgams	0.36	1.21	0.36	1.18	0.40	1.28	0.768
Composites/resin/glass ionomer	0.74	1.67	1.13	2.16	0.80	1.74	< 0.001
Crowns	0.20	0.90	0.36	1.39	0.38	1.49	0.066
Pulpotomies	0.14	0.56	0.15	0.63	0.21	0.88	0.187
Simple extraction (primary tooth)	0.02	0.18	0.00	0.03	0.01	0.09	0.009
Simple extraction (permanent tooth)	0.23	0.72	0.29	0.92	0.24	0.73	0.308
Palliative treatment	0.02	0.18	0.02	0.16	0.03	0.23	0.515
Adjunctive pain control/sedation	0.32	0.77	0.35	0.87	0.31	0.81	0.614
Adjunctive behavior management	0.09	0.44	0.14	0.51	0.13	0.46	0.183

^*p-values for difference between Black, Hispanic and White groups, adjusted for time eligible in 2005