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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Prev Med. 2015 Sep 4;50(1):e9–e14. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.07.006

Table 1.

Proximity of Waterpipe Establishments to Colleges and Universities, 2014

Overall 0.1 –
3.0
miles
3.1 –
6.0
miles
6.1 –
9.0
miles
9.1 +
miles
Distance from college/university to nearest WPE,
by full-time enrolment, N (%)
 All 1,454 554
(38.1)
126
(8.7)
55
(3.8)
719
(49.9)
 <2,500 772 229
(29.7)
64
(8.3)
34
(4.4)
445
(57.6)
 2,500-4,999 276 99
(35.9)
34
(12.3)
12
(4.3)
131
(47.5)
 5,000-9,999 199 89
(44.7)
13
(6.5)
6
(3.0)
91
(45.7)
 10,000-19,999 130 79
(60.8)
10
(7.7)
3
(2.3)
38
(29.2)
 20,000+ 77 58
(75.3)
5
(6.5)
0
(0.0)
14
(18.2)
Clustering of WPEsa, ≥1 other WPE within
specified radius, %
 3 miles 75.6
 6 miles 86.6
 9 miles 90.3
WPE density, per 100,000 2.85
College/university density, per 100,000 11.03
Correlation between WPE density and
college/university density, rho
 (p-value)
0.647
(<0.001)

WPE: waterpipe establishment

a

≥1 other WPE within 9-mile radius