Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Fertil Steril. 2016 Jan 7;105(4):1014–1022.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.12.043

Table 2.

Comparisons of infant feeding characteristics by mode of conception, Upstate KIDS study (2008-2010)

No Fertility Treatment N=3,230 Fertility Treatment N=1,361 P
n % n %
Breastfeeding until
4 monthsa 1344 48.0 656 54.3 <0.001
Missing 430 153
8 months 743 35.2 337 32.1 0.087
Missing 1119 312
12 months 386 21.8 159 17.7 0.012
Missing 1459 460
Formula feeding at
4 months 2232 69.7 939 69.7 0.986
Missing 27 13
8 months 1815 79.9 923 84.1 0.003
Missing 958 264
12 months 901 45.5 498 50.0 0.021
Missing 1249 364
Providing solids at or before
4 months 1994 61.7 804 59.1 0.092
Missing 0 0
8 months 2162 95.0 1067 97.3 0.002
Missing 954 264
12 months 1951 98.5 988 99.1 0.166
Missing 1249 364
Providing juice at or before
4 months 593 18.7 165 12.3 <0.001
Missing 51 23
8 months 1268 56.4 492 45.3 <0.001
Missing 981 274
12 months 1459 76.0 637 66.6 <0.001
Missing 1309 405
Infant's appetite at 4 months
Very good/Good 3115 97.3 1301 96.3 0.08
Medium/Poor 87 2.7 50 3.7
Missing 28 10
Breastfeeding at hospital dischargeb
Breast milk only 1860 58.7 877 65.4 <0.001
Formula only 735 23.2 207 15.4
Both breast milk and formula 565 17.8 253 18.9
Other (e.g., intravenous feeding) 9 0.3 4 0.3
Missing 61 20
Maternal concerns about feeding at 4 monthsc
Yes 381 12.1 178 13.5 0.20
Missing 69 38
Food allergies diagnosed by 12 months
Yes 83 4.5 35 3.7 0.36
Missing 1370 421

N, n=number; P=p-value

a

Corresponds to the targeted timing of postpartum questionnaires

b

Reflective of feeding within the first 5 days of life

c

Includes: infant has difficulty staying alert, is easily distracted from feeding, falls asleep during sucking, has weak sucking, sleeps through feeding times