Effects of the CYP3A family inhibitor, troleandomycin, on metabolism of 20(OH)D3 by CYP3A4 and human liver microsomes. (A – D) 20(OH)D3 (50 μM) in 0.45% HP-β-CD was incubated in the presence (B, D) or absence (A, C) of 250 μM troleandomycin with CYP3A4 for 20 min (A, B) or human liver microsomes for 30 min (C, D), where the inhibitor and substrate were added before starting the reaction with enzyme. (E, F) Human liver microsomes were preincubated with 10 μM troleandomycin (F) or without (E) for 20 min then the reaction initiated by the addition of 20(OH)D3 (10 μM) in 0.45% HP-β-CD. *Denotes contaminant peaks present in the no-substrate control.