Table 3.
Patients’ Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes by ED Admission Hypoalbuminemia (PEM)
| PEM n=85 | No PEM n=45 | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | |||
| Tube Fed, n (%) | 42 (49) | 15 (33) | 0.0788 |
| Mean ISS (±SD) | 24 (11) | 21(11) | 0.1534 |
| ISS Group | |||
| 1–8 | 1 (1) | 5 (9) | †0.0477 |
| 9–15 | 18 (25) | 7 (12) | |
| 16–24 | 28 (33) | 18 (40) | |
| >=25 | 37 (44) | 15 (33) | |
| Severe Injury, n (%) | |||
| Head | 36 (42) | 22 (49) | 0.4757 |
| Chest | 56 (66) | 25 (56) | 0.2477 |
| Abdomen | 22 (26) | 2 (4) | †*0.0027 |
| Extremity | 18 (21) | 10 (22) | 0.8903 |
| Multisystem trauma, n (%) | 44 (52) | 18 (40) | 0.2014 |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | 44 (52) | 22 (49) | 0.7550 |
| Outpatient Medication Use, n (%) | |||
| Antihypertensive | 44 (52) | 13 (29) | †0.0124 |
| Diabetes | 20 (24) | 3 (7) | †*0.0165 |
| At least 1 Day, n (%) | |||
| Ventilator | 50 (59) | 21 (47) | 0.1853 |
| Foley Catheter | 40 (47) | 11 (25) | 0.0175 |
| ICU | 85 (100) | 45 (100) | - |
| Median Days (IQR) | |||
| ICU | 12(11) | 10 (11) | ‡0.1315 |
| Vent | 13 (14) | 10 (9.5) | ‡0.3514 |
| Foley Catheter | 7 (10.5) | 6 (4) | ‡0.3478 |
| Hospital Length of Stay | 14 (9) | 12 (8) | ‡0.0784 |
| Overall Complications, n (%) | 56 (66) | 16 (36) | †0.0009 |
| Infectious | 49 (58) | 12 (27) | †0.0008 |
| Non-Infectious | 29 (34) | 10 (22) | 0.1591 |
| Pneumonia | 33 (39) | 11 (24) | 0.0993 |
| UTI | 19 (22) | 5 (11) | 0.1160 |
| ARDS | 14 (17) | 4 (9) | 0.2338 |
| DVT/PE | 15 (18) | 8 (18) | 0.9852 |
| Discharge Destination, n (%) | 0.3518 | ||
| Home | 17 (20) | 15 (33) | |
| SNF | 18 (21) | 4 (9) | |
| ICF | 11 (13) | 6 (13) | |
| Rehab | 24 (29) | 15 (33) | |
| Mortality, n (%) | 12 (14) | 5 (11) | 0.6286 |
†
p<0.05;
*
Fisher’s Exact test; % refer to column proportions;
‡
Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon