Fig. 3.

BMP and TGFβ signaling activates TAK1 which stimulates BMP signaling. a, b Western blot analysis showing that transient expression of constitutively active alk3, alk6, or alk5 increases expression of pTAK1 (n = 3). (c-f) TAK1 antagonist 5Z-7-oxozeaenol (5z) decreases BMP signaling after 24 h but increases it at 48 h (n = 3). (c) Western blot analysis and (d) Id1-luciferase assay of H1299 cells treated with 5z for 24 h. (e) Western blot analysis and (f) Id1-luciferase assay of H1299 cells treated with 5z and DMH2 for 48 h. (g, h) H1299 cells were treated with DMH2 or 5Z-7-oxozeaenol (5Z-7) alone, and in combination for 7 days and the number of live cells determined. Data in growth assays were depicted as the percent of the DMSO control. All studies were performed at least 3 times