Table 3. Hospitalized Illness Severity Indicators Among Infant Hospitalizations for Respiratory Syncytial Virus in the KID, 1997−2012.
| Mechanical Ventilation Use (% hospitalizations) | Inpatient Mortality*(% hospitalizations) | Length of Stay, da,d | Total Charges, USDa,b | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1997 | 2012 | ptrend | 1997 | 2012 | ptrend | 1997 | 2012 | ptrend | 1997 | 2012 | ptrend | ||
| Groups at High-risk for RSV | |||||||||||||
| Higher-risk CHD | 17.4 | 18.9 | 0.07 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 0.18 | 5.78 | 5.32 | 0.72 | 19,236.28 | 31,917.23 | <0.01 | |
| Lower-risk CHD | 19.9 | 25.6 | <0.01 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 0.28 | 5.52 | 6.47 | <0.01 | 20,475.26 | 40,131.32 | <0.01 | |
| CLD | 27.1 | 32.2 | 0.12 | 2.6 | 0.6 | 0.18 | 8.24 | 8.68 | 0.79 | 28,473.96 | 55,286.56 | <0.01 | |
| Down syndrome without CHD | 6.5 | 10.3 | 0.63 | 0 | 0 | ‒ | 3.67 | 4.00 | 0.32 | 10,141.30 | 18,217.61 | <0.01 | |
| Congenital airway anomalies | 18.5 | 22.4 | 0.13 | 1.7 | 1.1 | 0.50 | 7.06 | 5.30 | 0.07 | 22,405.83 | 30,481.36 | <0.01 | |
| Other high-risk conditionc | 20.1 | 15.5 | 0.63 | 2.2 | 0.8 | 0.11 | 6.90 | 4.47 | <0.01 | 21,679.81 | 26,206.74 | <0.01 | |
| Overall | 18.7 | 20.4 | 0.01 | 2.0 | 0.9 | <0.01 | 6.06 | 5.39 | 0.26 | 20,092.34 | 31,741.68 | <0.01 | |
| Non−high-risk | 3.0 | 4.5 | <0.01 | 0.1 | 0.04 | <0.01 | 2.82 | 2.42 | <0.01 | 6,983.05 | 11,273.00 | <0.01 | |
CHD, congenital heart disease; CLD, chronic lung disease; KID, Kids’ Inpatient Database; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus
UB, unspecified bronchiolitis.
a Geometric mean.
b Adjusted to 2015 USD.
c Other high risks: cystic fibrosis with pulmonary manifestations, neuromuscular disease, HIV, immunodeficiency, and other genetic metabolic musculoskeletal conditions.
d A value of 0.01 was assigned to zero values in order to perform log-transformation.
* Small sample size.
If ICD-9 codes for higher-risk CHD and lower-risk CHD were both associated with a hospitalization, the hospitalization was recorded as higher-risk CHD. Down syndrome without CHD is mutually exclusive of higher-risk CHD and lower-risk CHD. Furthermore, the other high-risk group is mutually exclusive of higher-risk CHD, lower-risk CHD, CLD, Down syndrome without CHD, and congenital airway anomalies.