Fig 3.
A representation of second-order (a) and third-order (b) dependencies in the songs of the bird ‘AGBk’. Bars represent the probability of observing a given phrase type given the identity of the preceding phrase types indicated below each graph. a) ultimate phrase type was db, and the probability distribution of upcoming phrase types changed depending on whether the penultimate phrase type was da or cj (Chi-square test for independence, Χ2(9, N = 450) = 116.94, p<0.0001). b) penultimate and ultimate phrase types were cr and fq in both cases, and the probability distribution differed with the identity of the antepenultimate phrase type, whether bq or cg (Fisher’s exact test, p<0.0001). Sample sizes indicate the number of observations upon which the probabilities were conditioned.