Table 4. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses by baseline characteristics and treatment options.
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mOS (95% CI), months | P value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | P value | ||
| All patients | 3.9(2.931-4.869) | ||||
| Age | <50 (n=50) | 3.6(2.677-4.523) | 0.45 | ||
| ≥50 (n=88) | 4.1(2.445-5.755) | ||||
| Gender | male (n=117) | 3.7(2.807-4.593) | 0.04 | 1 | |
| female (n=21) | 6.8(4.987-8.597) | 0.765(0.438-1.335) | 0.35 | ||
| Etiologies | HBV (n=116) | 3.6(2.578-4.812) | 0.46 | ||
| HCV (n=7) | 3.7(2.642-4.953) | ||||
| alcohol(n=10) | 4.0(2.982-4.893) | ||||
| others(n=5) | 4.0(2.886-4.965) | ||||
| Type of PVTT |
branches of portal vein (n=71) | 6(4.761-7.239) | <0.001 | 0.887(0.573-1.372) | 0.6 |
| main portal vein (n=67) | 3.2(2.901-3.499) | 1 | |||
| Cirrhosis | absent (14) | 4.5(3.391-5.456) | |||
| precent (124) | 3.4(2.333-4.456) | 0.16 | |||
| Child–Pugh score | A (n=107) | 5.2(4.186-6.214) | <0.001 | 0.534(0.333-0.857) | <0.001 |
| B7 (n=31) | 2.4(2.931-4.869) | 1 | |||
| ECOG PST | 0-1 (n=99) | 5.9(4.526-7.223) | <0.001 | 0.495(0.267-0.796) | <0.001 |
| 2 (n=39) | 3.1(2.923-3.479) | 1 | |||
| Tumor nodules | single (n=65) | 6.6(3.225-8.987) | 1 | ||
| multiple (n=73) | 3.5(2.945-5.003) | 0.04 | 1.202(0.903-1.406) | 0.1 | |
| Tumor diameter | ≤5cm (n=26) | 5.5(0.003-10.997) | <0.001 | 0.452(0.258-0.794) | <0.001 |
| 5-10cm (n=58) | 6.2(5.240-7.16) | 0.586(0.373-0.920) | |||
| >10cm (n=54) | 2.4(1.886-2.914) | 1 | |||
| Tumor distribution | Monolobar (n=83) | 5.6(4.265-6.935) | <0.001 | 0.584(0.383-0.892) | <0.001 |
| Bilobar (n=55) | 3(2.318-3.682) | 1 | |||
| AFP | ≤400 ng/ml (n=49) | 5.4(4.6-6.2) | 0.09 | 0.672(0.429-1.051) | 0.1 |
| >400 ng/ml (n=89) | 3.5(2.853-4.147) | 1 | |||
| Treatment option | Palliative (n=74) | 3.0(2.719-3.281) | 0.003 | 1 | |
| GKR (n=64) | 6.1(4.706-7.494) | 0.538(0.356-0.814) | <0.001 | ||
P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 17.0 (SPSS 17.0 for Windows, SPSS, Chicago, III). GKR: gamma knife radiosurgery; PVTT: portal vein tumor thrombosis; PV: portal vein; HBV: hepatitis B virus; HCV: hepatitis C virus; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; INR: international normalized ratio; AFP: alpha fetal protein.