Table 2.
Baseline Patient Characteristics by Microvascular Endothelial Function
| Variables N (%) |
Microvascular Endothelial dysfunction 265 (56) |
Normal Microvascular Endothelial Function 117 (25) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years ±SD | 54 ± 12 | 52 ± 12 | 0.03 |
| Female, N (%) | 186 (70) | 134 (65) | 0.27 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 29 ± 6 | 28 ± 6 | 0.48 |
| Hypertension, N (%) | 114 (43) | 73 (46) | 0.09 |
| Diabetes, N (%) | 25 (9) | 15 (7) | 0.41 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, N (%) | 157 (59) | 123 (60) | <0.85 |
| Family history CAD, N (%) | 178 (69) | 119 (60) | <0.04 |
| Aspirin, N (%) | 138 (52) | 85 (41) | 0.02 |
| ACE inhibitor, N (%) | 42 (15) | 32 (16) | 0.94 |
| B- Blockers, N (%) | 80 (30) | 56 (27) | 0.50 |
| Ca2+ Channel blocker, N (%) | 94 (35) | 62 (30) | 0.25 |
| Lipid lowering, N (%) | 118 (45) | 68 (33) | 0.01 |
| Oral hypoglycemic, N (%) | 13 (5) | 8 (4) | 0.6 |
| Insulin use, N (%) | 8 (3) | 5 (2) | 0.70 |
| % ΔCBF | −10.9 ± 36 | 155 ± 212 | <0.001 |
| % ΔCAD | −25.4 ± 21 | −2.1 ± 23 | <0.001 |
| CFR | 2.78 ± 0.66 | 2.98 ± 0.7 | <0.001 |
Values are mean ± SD or N (%). BMI indicates body mass index, % ΔCBF indicates percent change in coronary blood flow to acetylcholine, % ΔCAD indicates percent change in coronary artery diameter to acetylcholine, and CFR indicates coronary flow reserve.