Table 2.
Comparison of initial variables according to the blood glucose level change over 7-years interval
| Variables | Staying normal | IFG or DM | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 508, 87.9 %) | (n = 70, 12.1 %) | ||
| Demographic variables | |||
| Sexa | 0.534 | ||
| Male | 452 (87.6) | 64 (12.4) | |
| Female | 56 (90.3) | 6 (9.7) | |
| Age (year)b | 38.3 ± 7.89 | 39.5 ± 6.63 | 0.155 |
| Work duration (year)b | 8.7 ± 7.67 | 9.8 ± 6.97 | 0.252 |
| Occupationa | 0.343 | ||
| Office work | 87 (83.7) | 17 (16.3) | |
| Production work | 350 (88.8) | 44 (11.2) | |
| Research work | 71 (88.8) | 9 (11.3) | |
| Job positiona | 0.925 | ||
| Executive | 126 (88.1) | 17 (11.9) | |
| General | 382 (87.8) | 53 (12.2) | |
| Health related behaviorsa | |||
| Alcohol drinking | 0.311 | ||
| Healthy drinking | 322 (89.0) | 40 (11.0) | |
| Unhealthy drinking | 186 (86.1) | 30 (13.9) | |
| Smoking | 0.304 | ||
| Non-smoker | 258 (89.9) | 29 (10.1) | |
| Ex-smoker | 63 (87.5) | 9 (12.5) | |
| Current smoker | 187 (85.4) | 32 (14.6) | |
| Exercise per week | 0.995 | ||
| 0 | 185 (87.7) | 26 (12.3) | |
| 1-2 | 214 (87.7) | 30 (12.3) | |
| ≥ 3 | 103 (88.0) | 14 (12.0) | |
| Laboratory test resultsb | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.3 ± 2.83 | 24.9 ± 3.34 | 0.000 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 115.0 ± 11.07 | 120.2 ± 11.87 | 0.000 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 70.6 ± 7.74 | 73.6 ± 7.12 | 0.002 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 14.3 ± 1.33 | 14.5 ± 1.24 | 0.118 |
| AST (IU/L) | 24.0 ± 8.44 | 26.2 ± 11.77 | 0.125 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 26.0 ± 17.86 | 32.0 ± 19.29 | 0.009 |
| γ-GTP (IU/L) | 34.8 ± 27.06 | 44.3 ± 28.78 | 0.006 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 188.2 ± 33.82 | 194.0 ± 32.52 | 0.189 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 130.0 ± 90.60 | 156.8 ± 137.36 | 0.038 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 56.1 ± 12.58 | 52.1 ± 10.47 | 0.015 |
IFG impaired fasting glucose, DM diabetes mellitus, BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, γ-GTP Gamma-glutamyltransferase, HDL High density lipoprotein
*Chi-square test or ANOVA test
aN (%)
bMean ± SD