Table 3.
Relative risks to the incidence of IFG or DM according to initial liver enzyme levels
| Levels of initial liver enzyme | Blood glucose level | Relative Risk | p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Staying normal | IFG or DM | |||
| AST (IU/L) | 0.305 | |||
| Aa | 487 (88.2) | 65 (11.8) | 1 | |
| Bb | 12 (80.0) | 3 (20.0) | 1.69 | |
| Rc | 9 (81.8) | 2 (18.2) | 1.54 | |
| ALT (IU/L) | 0.011 | |||
| A | 418 (90.3) | 45 (9.7) | 1 | |
| B | 35 (70.0) | 15 (30.0) | 3.09 | |
| R | 55 (84.6) | 10 (15.4) | 1.59 | |
| γ-GTP (IU/L) | 0.000 | |||
| A | 459 (90.2) | 50 (9.8) | 1 | |
| B | 19 (65.5) | 10 (34.5) | 3.52 | |
| R | 30 (75.0) | 10 (25.0) | 2.55 | |
| Number of abnormal liver enzymes | 0.000 | |||
| 0 | 396 (91.2) | 38 (8.8) | 1 | |
| 1 | 72 (80.0) | 18 (20.0) | 2.27 | |
| 2 | 32 (76.2) | 10 (23.8) | 2.70 | |
| 3 | 8 (66.7) | 4 (33.3) | 3.78 | |
IFG impaired fasting glucose, DM diabetes mellitus, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, γ-GTP gamma-glutamyltransferase
aA was defined as ≤40 IU/L for AST, ≤35 IU/L for ALT, or ≤63 IU/L in males or ≤35 IU/L in females for γ-GTP
bB was defined as 41–50 IU/L for AST, 36–45 IU/L for ALT, and 64–77 IU/L in males or 36–45 IU/L in females for γ-GTP
cR was defined as ≥51 IU/L for AST, ≥46 IU/L for ALT, and ≥78 IU/L in males or ≥46 IU/L in females for γ-GTP
*Chi-square test