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. 2016 Apr 7;14:56. doi: 10.1186/s12955-016-0458-y

Table 2.

Results of the ASEBA Adult Self-Report at 23 years

VLBW (n = 34) VLBW (n = 24) without CP and/or low IQest Control (n = 37)
Mean (SD) p-value vs control Mean (SD) p-value vs control Mean (SD)
Syndrome scales
 Anxious/depressed 7.0 (6.1) 0.096 7.3 (6.2) 0.095 4.6 (5.7)
 Withdrawn 2.4 (3.0) 0.325 2.1 (2.6) 0.669 1.8 (2.3)
 Somatic complaints 3.4 (3.4) 0.081 3.0 (2.7) 0.220 2.2 (1.9)
 Thought problems 1.8 (1.8) 0.371 1.5 (1.6) 0.861 1.4 (1.8)
 Attention problems 7.7 (4.6) 0.013 7.0 (4.3) 0.081 5.2 (3.5)
 Aggressive behaviour 3.8 (3.3) 0.205 3.4 (3.3) 0.447 2.7 (3.7)
 Rule-breaking behaviour 2.9 (3.1) 0.188 3.0 (3.6) 0.243 2.0 (2.3)
 Intrusive 1.7 (1.3) 0.544 1.5 (1.4) 0.386 1.9 (2.0)
 Critical items 4.6 (3.4) 0.013 4.6 (3.5) 0.037 2.8 (2.7)
 Internalizing problems 12.9 (9.4) 0.042 12.3 (9.1) 0.098 8.6 (7.7)
 Externalizing problems 8.3 (6.0) 0.232 8.0 (6.6) 0.412 6.6 (5.7)
 Total problems 38.6 (21 .7) 0.048 36.3 (22.2) 0.173 29.0 (18.6)
Adaptive functioning
 Friends 10.0 (2.1) 0.059 10.2 (2.0) 0.170 10.8 (1.4)
 Family 1.5 (0.4) 0.756 1.5 (0.4) 0.955 1.5 (0.4)
Substance use
 Tobacco 3.3 (4.8) 0.688 3.2 (5.2) 0.673 3.9 (6.3)
 Alcohola 5.5 (5.0) 0.008 6.3 (5.5) 0.036 10.6 (9.8)
 Drugs 3.7 (17.3) 0.359 4.9 (20.5) 0.366 1.0 (4.2)
 Mean substance usea 54.1 (2.7) 0.067 54.2 (2.6) 0.119 55.5 (3.3)

aData missing for one VLBW and two control participants

Raw scores are given for all scales, except mean substance use which is given as T-score. Higher scores indicate more problems on syndrome scales and substance use, while higher scores on adaptive functioning indicate better functioning

ASEBA = Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment, VLBW = very low birth weight, CP = cerebral palsy, IQ est = estimated intelligence quotient

Analyses performed with Students t-test