Table 2.
Results of the ASEBA Adult Self-Report at 23 years
| VLBW (n = 34) | VLBW (n = 24) without CP and/or low IQest | Control (n = 37) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | (SD) | p-value vs control | Mean | (SD) | p-value vs control | Mean | (SD) | |
| Syndrome scales | ||||||||
| Anxious/depressed | 7.0 | (6.1) | 0.096 | 7.3 | (6.2) | 0.095 | 4.6 | (5.7) |
| Withdrawn | 2.4 | (3.0) | 0.325 | 2.1 | (2.6) | 0.669 | 1.8 | (2.3) |
| Somatic complaints | 3.4 | (3.4) | 0.081 | 3.0 | (2.7) | 0.220 | 2.2 | (1.9) |
| Thought problems | 1.8 | (1.8) | 0.371 | 1.5 | (1.6) | 0.861 | 1.4 | (1.8) |
| Attention problems | 7.7 | (4.6) | 0.013 | 7.0 | (4.3) | 0.081 | 5.2 | (3.5) |
| Aggressive behaviour | 3.8 | (3.3) | 0.205 | 3.4 | (3.3) | 0.447 | 2.7 | (3.7) |
| Rule-breaking behaviour | 2.9 | (3.1) | 0.188 | 3.0 | (3.6) | 0.243 | 2.0 | (2.3) |
| Intrusive | 1.7 | (1.3) | 0.544 | 1.5 | (1.4) | 0.386 | 1.9 | (2.0) |
| Critical items | 4.6 | (3.4) | 0.013 | 4.6 | (3.5) | 0.037 | 2.8 | (2.7) |
| Internalizing problems | 12.9 | (9.4) | 0.042 | 12.3 | (9.1) | 0.098 | 8.6 | (7.7) |
| Externalizing problems | 8.3 | (6.0) | 0.232 | 8.0 | (6.6) | 0.412 | 6.6 | (5.7) |
| Total problems | 38.6 | (21 .7) | 0.048 | 36.3 | (22.2) | 0.173 | 29.0 | (18.6) |
| Adaptive functioning | ||||||||
| Friends | 10.0 | (2.1) | 0.059 | 10.2 | (2.0) | 0.170 | 10.8 | (1.4) |
| Family | 1.5 | (0.4) | 0.756 | 1.5 | (0.4) | 0.955 | 1.5 | (0.4) |
| Substance use | ||||||||
| Tobacco | 3.3 | (4.8) | 0.688 | 3.2 | (5.2) | 0.673 | 3.9 | (6.3) |
| Alcohola | 5.5 | (5.0) | 0.008 | 6.3 | (5.5) | 0.036 | 10.6 | (9.8) |
| Drugs | 3.7 | (17.3) | 0.359 | 4.9 | (20.5) | 0.366 | 1.0 | (4.2) |
| Mean substance usea | 54.1 | (2.7) | 0.067 | 54.2 | (2.6) | 0.119 | 55.5 | (3.3) |
aData missing for one VLBW and two control participants
Raw scores are given for all scales, except mean substance use which is given as T-score. Higher scores indicate more problems on syndrome scales and substance use, while higher scores on adaptive functioning indicate better functioning
ASEBA = Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment, VLBW = very low birth weight, CP = cerebral palsy, IQ est = estimated intelligence quotient
Analyses performed with Students t-test