Table 1.
Baseline demographic characteristics and test results
| Group | Malaria | No malaria | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV infected | HIV uninfected | HIV infected | |
| N | 88 | 96 | 57 |
| Male, n (%) | 32 (36) | 54 (56) | 8 (14) |
| Age median (IQR) | 41 (36–47) | 28 (19–42) | 41 (37–46) |
| BMI median (IQR) | 20 (18–23) | 21 (18–23) | 21 (20–24) |
| Malaria | |||
| Plasmodium falciparum median parasite count/μL (IQR) | 3,920 (600–13,640) | 5,120 (680–20,840) | – |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 11.2 (10.4–12.6) | 12.5 (11.0–13.6) | 11.9 (11.1–12.8) |
| HIV | |||
| cART, n/total (%) | 55/86 (64) | – | 57/57 (100) |
| Duration of ART median days (IQR) | 812 (499–1,288) | – | 1,026 (589–1,444) |
| Recently started on cART (< 90 days) | 0 | – | 2/57 |
| CD4 count* (cells/μL) | 382 (242–499) (N = 87) | 571 (488–834) (N = 76) | 382 (267–538) (N = 57) |
| CD4 ≤ 200/μL | 16/87 (18%) | 1/76 (1%) | 11/57 (19%) |
| TB history | |||
| Current TB, receiving anti-TB treatment, n/total (%) | 4/87 (5%) | 2/96 (2%) | 1/57 (2%) |
| Previous TB | 24/87 (28%) | 2/96 (2%) | 15/57 (26%) |
| In contact with person with TB | 23/87 (26%) | 10/95 (11%) | 11/56 (20%) |
| QFT test results | |||
| Positive | 20 (23%) | 17 (18%) | 14 (25%) |
| Negative | 66 (75%) | 72 (76%) | 42 (74%) |
| Indeterminate | 2 (2%) | 6 (6%) | 1 (2%) |
| IP-10 test results | |||
| Positive | 20 (23%) | 15 (16%) | 17 (30%) |
| Negative | 62 (71%) | 67 (70%) | 40 (70%) |
| Indeterminate | 6 (7%) | 14 (15%) | 0 (0%) |
BMI = body mass index; cART= combined antiretroviral therapy; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; IP-10 = IFN-γ-inducible protein 10; IQR = interquartile range; QFT = QuantiFERON TB GOLD® In-Tube Test; TB = tuberculosis.
*
CD4 counts were unavailable in a period of the study, resulting in a lack of CD4 count for some patients.