Table 2.

Similarities and differences between PA and DAG in budding yeast.

	PHOSPHATIDIC ACID	DIACYLGLYCEROL
Structure
Lipid shape	Cone induces negative curvature
Speciesa,24,25,96	26:0; 26:1 28:0; 28:1     30:0; 30:1; 30:2   32:1; 32:2   34:1; 34:2   36:1; 36:2
Headgroup charge	Negative Deprotonated: −2 Protonated: −1	Neutral
Abundanceb	8–10 mol% (cell extract)24,96 2 mol% (TGN/E)45,97 10 mol% (PM)45 4% total PL (PM)98 0.6–2% total PL (mito)98 4% total PL (ER)98 2% total PL (vacuole)98 1.8% total PL (LD)35	4–6 mol% (cell extract)24,96 10 mol% (TGN/E)45,97 n.d. (PM)45
Transbilayer movement26	No	Rapid “flip flop” without protein assistance
Interaction with effector proteins	Electrostatic/hydrogen bond switch model65 No consensus sequence8	Specific, mediated by C1 consensus domain55,59
Proposed roles	pH sensor68 Fusion (prospore formation)74,99 Mediates membrane recruitment of Pah1 (ER),50 Opi1 (ER),11 Spo20 (PM)73 Mitochondrial protein biogenesis100	Fusion (vacuole)20 Regulates protein secretion44 Membrane recruitment of Pkc1 is controversial60,61

Notes:

^aCommon PA and DAG species, most abundant species are in bold.

^bUnless otherwise indicated, abundance is expressed as mol% of all yeast lipids, including glycerolipids, sphingolipids, and ergosterol.

Abbreviations: PL, phospholipids; TGN/E, trans-Golgi network/endosomes; PM, plasma membrane; LD, lipid droplet; mito, mitochondria; n.d., non detected.