Table 3. Risk of bias by QUADAS 2.
| Author/year | Selection of patients | Index test | Reference test | Flow and time | Selection of patients | Index test | Reference test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cazenave J (1992) | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
| Dupouy Camet J (1992) | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low |
| Hohlfeld P (1994) | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Jenum PA (1998) | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Gangneux FR (1999) | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Rumand S (2001) | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Castro FC (2001) | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Andrade GMQ (2001) | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low |
| Antsaklis A (2002) | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Bessieres MH (2002) | Low | Unclear | Low | High | Low | Low | Low |
| Vidigal PUT (2002) | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low |
| Thalib L (2005) | Low | High | High | High | Low | Low | Low |
| Ordinaire I (2005) A | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low |
| Ordinaire I (2005) B | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low |
| Filho EAF (2005) | Low | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low |
| Bessieres MH (2009) | Low | High | High | High | Low | Low | Low |
| Rabilloud M (2010) | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Unclear |
| Wallon M (2010) | High | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Sterkers Y (2012) | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Teixeira LE (2013) A | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Teixeira LE (2013) B | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Teixeira LE (2013) C | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Teixeira LE (2013) D | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Prusa AR (2015) | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | Unclear | Low |
Low, low risk of bias; high, high risk of bias; Unclear, unclear risk of bias.