Table 1. Association of cardiovascular risk factors and risk scores with stroke.
| Risk Factors and Risk scores | Stroke Patients | Hypertensive control | X2 value | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Mean±SD or proportion n=377 | Mean±SD or proportion n=178 | |||
| Sex (male)% | 204 (54.1) | 75 (42.1) | 6.94 | 0.01 |
| Diabetes % | 78 (20.7) | 21 (11.8) | 6.06 | 0.01 |
| Smoking % | 29 (7.7) | 12 (6.7) | 0.20 | 0.66 |
| Alcohol % | 77(20.4) | 14(7.9) | 9.90 | 0.002 |
| Ischemic heart disease% | 26(6.9) | 0(0.0) | n/a | n/a |
| Heart failure% | 2(0.5) | 1(0.6) | 1.50 | 0.22 |
| t value | ||||
| Age (years) | 61.10±11.44 | 53.88±12.12 | 6.80 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 190.21±53.32 | 124.18±38.45 | 12.19 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 44.24±18.51 | 36.48±11.73 | 2.12 | 0.04 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 121.87±43.56 | 88.91±30.86 | 2.44 | 0.02 |
| Triglyceride | 113.85±47.51 | 113.27±91.07 | 0.04 | 0.97 |
| Fasting Plasma Glucose (mg/dl) | 150.24±74.61 | 102.73±23.76 | 7.10 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.58±5.90 | 24.53±3.90 | 2.32 | 0.02 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 89.81±13.32 | 85.52±15.22 | 1.98 | 0.05 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 148.28±25.63 | 153.19±26.39 | -1.96 | 0.05 |
| Diastolic Blood pressure | 92.12±17.78 | 94.19±15.19 | 0.85 | 0.40 |
| FRS* | 1.79±1.87 | 8.33±5.92 | -10.11 | <0.001 |
| FRS** | 8.09±7.61 | 8.33±5.92 | -0.14 | 0.89 |
| ORS | 9.65±7.44 | 8.55±6.22 | 0.63 | 0.53 |
| Right CIMT(mm) | 0.94±0.39 | 0.78±0.18 | 4.58 | <0.001 |
| Left CIMT(mm) | 1.00±0.42 | 0.78±0.21 | 5.76 | <0.001 |
| Average CIMT(mm) | 0.97±0.36 | 0.78±0.17 | 5.84 | <0.001 |
SD – Standard deviation CIMT- Carotid intima media thickness
FRS*- Results for Framingham risk score with calibration factor showing higher risk of stroke for the controls rather than stroke patients(distorted)
FRS** Results for Framingham risk score without calibration factor
ORS- Omnibus risk score