Table 3.
Evaluation of interventions to improve uptake of EID
| Infants tested/HEIs | Effect size (95% CI) for uptake of EID outcome | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention category | Summary of intervention type | Author | Intervention | Control | Follow-up period (age of infant testing) | RR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI |
| Social | Peer mentoring | ENHAT-CS 2014 [36] | 466/583 (80%) | 212/294 (72%) | ≤2 months | 1.11 | 1.02 | 1.20 |
| ENHAT-CS 2014 [36] | 35/583 (6%) | 0/294 (0%) | 18 months | 35.86 | 2.21 | 582.60 | ||
| Shroufi 2013 [38] | 121/122 (99.2%) | 17/35 (48.6%) | 6 to 8 weeks | 2.04 | 1.45 | 2.87 | ||
| Futterman 2010 [15] | 34/40 (85%) | 30/31(96.8%) | 6 months | 0.88 | 0.76 | 1.02 | ||
| Rotheram-Borus 2014 [6] | 206/284 (72.5%) | 247/344 (71.8%) | 6 weeks or 6 months | 1.01 | 0.92 | 1.11 | ||
| CHWs | Kim 2012 [26] | 1064/1318 (80.7%) | 7875/14,669 (53.7%) | ≤3 months | 1.50 | 1.46 | 1.55 | |
| Tomlinson 2014 [14] | 420/571 (73.6%) | 465/698 (66.6%) | 6 weeks | 1.10 | 1.03 | 1.19 | ||
| le Roux 2013 [12] | 155/185 (96.9%) | 132/169 (94.3%) | 6 weeks | 1.07 | 0.97 | 1.19 | ||
| Patient advocates | Rundare 2012 [7] | 710/2781 (25.5%) | 322/1356 (23.7%) | 6 weeks | 1.08 | 0.96 | 1.21 | |
| Male involvement | Msuya 2008 [34] | 21/26 (80.8%) | 74/111 (66.7%) | 18 months | 1.21 | 0.96 | 1.52 | |
| Weiss 2013 [17] | 30/30 (100%) | 39/39 (100%) | 6 weeks | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Behavioural | Calls and mobile phone text messages | Schwartz 2015 [8] | 45/50 (90%) | 32/50 (63.3%) | 10 weeks | 1.41 | 1.12 | 1.77 |
| Mobile phone text messages | Finocchario-Kessler 2014 [22] | 523/523 (100%) | 242/320 (75.6%) | 6 weeks | 1.32 | 1.24 | 1.41 | |
| Finocchario-Kessler 2014 [22] | 137/166 (82.5%) | 62/168 (36.9%) | 9 months | 2.24 | 1.81 | 2.76 | ||
| Joseph-Davey 2013 [31] | 201/261 (77.1%) | 185/261 (70.9%) | 8 weeks | 1.09 | 0.98 | 1.20 | ||
| Technau 2011 [11] | 108/160 (67.3%) | 110/177 (61.9%) | 10 weeks | 1.09 | 0.93 | 1.27 | ||
| Odeny 2014 [19] | 172/187 (92.0%) | 154/181 (85.1%) | 8 weeks | 1.08 | 1.00 | 1.16 | ||
| Structural | Enhanced referral | Ciampa 2011 [30] | 34/63 (54.0%) | 85/332 (25.6%) | ≤3 months | 2.11 | 1.57 | 2.82 |
| Integration of PMTCT into routine pregnancy and infant care | Washington 2015 [40] | 143/568 (25%) | 106/594 (17.8%) | 6 weeks | 1.41 | 1.13 | 1.76 | |
| Turan 2015 [18] | 361/569 (63.4%) | 326/603 (54.1%) | 9 months | 1.17 | 1.07 | 1.29 | ||
| Structural and social | Integration of PMTCT into routine pregnancy and infant care and use of peer counsellors | Ong'ech 2012 [20] | 109/179 (60.9%) | 84/184 (45.7%) | 12 months | 1.33 | 1.10 | 1.62 |
| Ong'ech 2012 [20] | 177/178 (98.9%) | 182/182 (100%) | 6 to 8 weeks | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.01 | ||
| Integration of PMTCT and ANC services, lab courier system for CD4 counts and use of lay counsellors | Herlihy 2015 [29] | 309/553 (55.8%) | 212/506 (41.9%) | 6 weeks | 1.33 | 1.18 | 1.51 | |
| Integration of PMTCT and ANC services, lab courier system for CD4 counts and use of lay counsellors | Herlihy 2015 [29] | 436/553 (78.8%) | 347/506 (68.9%) | 12 months | 1.15 | 1.07 | 1.24 | |
| Social and behavioural | Peer mentoring and mobile phone calls | Besser 2010 [16] | 167/214 (78%) | 114/204 (56%) | 16 weeks | 1.40 | 1.21 | 1.61 |
The RR values of studies that showed evidence of association are given in bold.