Table 4. Cross-lagged model with perceived crime and disorder as outcomes in the same model, and treating cohesion, collective efficacy, and uncertainty about collective efficacy as endogenous.

							Model 1
Equation:	(1)		(2)		(3)		(4)		(5)
	Crime		Disorder		Cohesion		Collective efficacy (a)		Uncertainty about collective efficacy
Cohesion (t-1)	-0.247	**	-0.122		0.407	**	0.119		-0.02
	(0.076)		(0.101)		(0.078)		(0.105)		(0.028)
Collective efficacy (t-1)	-0.068		-0.218	*			0.158	†	0.008
	(0.063)		(0.085)				(0.085)		(0.023)
Cohesion X collective efficacy (t-1)	-0.131	**	-0.15	**
	(0.040)		(0.055)
Crime (t-1)	0.188	**	-0.077		0.147	†	-0.142		-0.032
	(0.068)		(0.096)		(0.080)		(0.118)		(0.028)
Disorder (t-1)	0.216	**	0.559	**	-0.235	**	-0.229	*	0.004
	(0.065)		(0.089)		(0.077)		(0.094)		(0.026)
Uncertainty about collective efficacy (t-1)	0.5	**	0.663	**	-0.646	**	0.119		-0.02
	(0.111)		(0.142)		(0.122)		(0.105)		(0.028)
Disorder X uncertainty of collective efficacy (t-1)							-0.813	**
							(0.188)
R-square	0.43		0.53		0.49		0.37		0.07

Notes: (a): this is collective efficacy regarding informal social control behavior of fellow residents

^**p < .01 (two-tail test),

^*p < .05 (two-tail test),

^†p < .05 (one-tail test). Standard errors in parentheses. N = 113 block groups

Note: All models control for concentrated disadvantage, percent vacant units, percent in same residence 5 years previously, percent African American, percent Latino, racial/ethnic heterogeneity, population density, and unemployment rate