Table 1.
Baseline and demographic parameters
| Variable | SCAD (n = 189) | STEMI (n = 121) | NSTEMI (n = 163) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 65.2 ± 0.786 | 61.9 ± 1.34 | 64.9 ± 1.05 | 0.067 |
| Age >75 (%) | 41 (21.7) | 29 (24) | 45 (27.6) | 0.433 |
| Female gender (%) | 55 (29.1) | 41 (33.9) | 54 (33.1) | 0.60 |
| Hypertension (%) | 170 (90) | 98 (81) | 139 (85.3) | 0.058 |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 160 (85.1) | 83 (68.6) | 129 (79.1) | 0.002 |
| Current smoking (%) | 39 (20.6) | 44 (36.4) | 52 (31.9) | 0.006 |
| DM (%) | 58 (30.9) | 28 (23.1) | 50 (30.7) | 0.27 |
| Family history of CAD (%) | 77 (41) | 45 (37.2) | 62 (38) | 0.766 |
| Previous MI (%) | 63 (33.5) | 19 (15.7) | 42 (25.8) | 0.002 |
| CKD (%) | 33 (17.5) | 19 (15.7) | 30 (18.4) | 0.83 |
| GDF-15 pg/ml | 1421.1 ± 74.9 | 2189.2 ± 206.7 | 1695 ± 114.8 | <0.0001 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 28.51 ± 0.35 | 28 ± 0.43 | 27.97 ± 0.35 | 0.499 |
| e-GFR (ml/min) | 65.27 ± 0.71 | 63.65 ± 1.04 | 63.57 ± 1.03 | 0.31 |
| CRP (mg/dl) | 7.83 ± 2.28 | 17.42 ± 3.88 | 11.05 ± 2.26 | 0.062 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 178.5 ± 3.66 | 184.25 ± 3.89 | 182.73 ± 4.16 | 0.56 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 46.04 ± 1.11 | 41.01 ± 1.17 | 43.42 ± 1.13 | 0.009 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 102.34 ± 2.88 | 113.58 ± 3.63 | 109.88 ± 3.44 | 0.051 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 148.73 ± 7.29 | 143.17 ± 10.81 | 163.78 ± 12.52 | 0.38 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 137.8 ± 1.5 | 139.4 ± 2.5 | 144.2 ± 2.4 | 0.070 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80.1 ± 0.91 | 81.9 ± 1.7 | 81.6 ± 1.3 | 0.507 |
| Hospitalization days | 4.84 ± 0.31 | 12.94 ± 1.22 | 7.32 ± 0.58 | <0.0001 |
DM diabetes mellitus, CAD coronary artery disease, CKD chronic kidney disease, GDF-15 growth differentiation factor 15, BMI body mass index, e-GFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, CRP high sensitive C-reactive protein, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein