Table 2.
Clinical and laboratory findings in adult and pediatric HLH patients at diagnosis (n, %).
| Adult group (n=34) | Pediatric group (n=16) | χ2 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical presentations | ||||
| Fever | 34 (100.0) | 16 (100.0) | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Hepatomegaly | 16 (47.1) | 15 (93.8) | 10.068 | 0.002</emph> |
| Splenomegaly | 21 (61.8) | 16 (100.0) | 8.267 | 0.004 |
| Lymphadenopathy | 9 (26.5) | 7 (43.8) | 1.493 | 0.222 |
| Pulmonary involvement | 23 (67.6) | 8 (50.0) | 1.438 | 0.230 |
| Serous cavity effusion | 14 (41.2) | 2 (12.5) | 4.112 | 0.043 |
| Neurological symptoms | 10 (29.4) | 6 (37.5) | 0.327 | 0.567 |
| Hemorrhages | 12 (35.3) | 6 (37.5) | 0.023 | 0.880 |
| Jaundice | 14 (41.2) | 14 (87.5) | 9.475 | 0.002 |
| Urinary symptoms | 5 (14.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2.614 | 0.106 |
| Blood cell analysis | ||||
| Hemoglobin <90 g/L | 13 (38.2) | 12 (75.0) | 5.882 | 0.015 |
| Platelets <100×109/L | 33 (97.1) | 15 (93.8) | 0.310 | 0.578 |
| Neutrophils <1×109/L | 22 (64.7) | 12 (75.0) | 0.530 | 0.467 |
| Hemophagocytosis in BM | 30 (88.2) | 13 (81.3) | 0.441 | 0.507 |
| Blood biochemistry | ||||
| Ferritin >500 μg/L | 33 (97.1) | 16 (100.0) | 0.480 | 0.488 |
| Fibrinogen ≤1.5 g/L | 16 (66.7) | 7 (43.8) | 0.048 | 0.827 |
| ALT >40 U/L | 28 (82.4) | 15 (93.8) | 1.174 | 0.279 |
| AST >40 U/L | 30 (88.2) | 16 (100.0) | 2.046 | 0.153 |
| γ-GT >50 U/L | 26 (76.5) | 13 (81.2) | 0.145 | 0.704 |
| TB >19 mmol/L | 14 (41.2) | 14 (87.5) | 9.475 | 0.002 |
| LDH >500 U/L | 20 (58.8) | 15 (93.8) | 6.320 | 0.012 |
| TG >3.0 mmol/L | 15 (44.1) | 7 (43.8) | 0.001 | 0.981 |
| Na <135 mmol/L | 18 (52.9) | 8 (50.0) | 0.038 | 0.846 |
| Ca <2 mmol/L | 18 (52.9) | 6 (37.5) | 1.039 | 0.308 |
| CRP >10 mg/L | 15 (44.1) | 11 (68.8) | 2.645 | 0.104 |
BM: bone marrow; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; γ-GT: gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; TB: total bilirubin; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; TG: triglycerides; CRP: C-reactive protein