Figure 3.

(A) Inhibition of GPER-1 by G36 treatment for 48 h stabilized the microtubulus apparatus (3A1), whereas activation of GPER-1 by G1 treatment for 48 h (3A2) and cytotoxic doses of vincristine (3A3) lead to destabilization of the microtubulus apparatus, shown by immunofluorescence for β-tubulin. (B) GPER-1 inhibition potentiates the effects of paclitaxel. GPER-1 inhibition (G36) was combined with paclitaxel treatment and after 48 h, cell viability/proliferation was assessed in MINO using the MTT assay, and CI values were calculated (3B1) (red curve: paclitaxel; green curve: G36, blue curve: paclitaxel + G36). Equal doses of both drugs were used (2 pM, 1 nM, 100 nM, 100 μM, 100 M). A strong synergistic effect between G36 and paclitaxel was observed with CI values (Fa-CI plot) less than 0.7, as shown in Figure 3B2. There was no significant difference between failure-free (3C) or overall (3D) survival between GPER-1 positive (green curve) versus GPER-1 negative (blue curve) MCL cases. Failure was defined as failure to achieve a remission during induction chemotherapy, progression, or death from any cause.