Table 2.

Rotated matrix of an instrument to measure facilitators and barriers to nurses’ participation in CE programs based on principal component analysis and varimax rotation

Statements		1	2	3
		incentives’ factors	extra-organizational obstacles	Intra-organizational obstacles
1	Increase my competency	0.88
2	Give quality care to patients	0.86
3	Improve my skill in clinical practice	0.85
4	Update my knowledge	0.85
5	Improve my teaching skills	0.84
6	Obtain knowledge to achieve personal status	0.82
7	Improve my communication skills	0.81
8	Improve my decision making skills	0.81
9	Prevent myself from getting bored with routine	0.79
10	Improve my research skills	0.79
11	Adhere to hospital policy	0.78
12	Boost my self-esteem	0.77
13	Improve my management skills	0.76
14	Be more critical in providing nursing care	0.72
15	Gain more paper qualification	0.52
16	Emotional stress		0.82
17	Poor interaction of CE programs’ staff		0.80
18	Negative experiences with previous CE programs		0.78
19	Poor physical health		0.71
20	Domestic responsibilities		0.68
21	Poor scheduling of CE programs		0.66	0.37
22	Lack of relevant CE programs		0.64	0.35
23	Time constraints		0.64
24	Geographic distance		0.62	0.40
25	Lack of family support		0.59
26	Lack of information about CE programs		0.56	0.50
27	Needs satisfied by on the job training		0.55	0.53
28	Lack of supervisors’ support			0.86
29	Lack of peers’ support			0.83
30	Lack of organizational support		0.36	0.81
31	Work commitments		0.39	0.56
32	Cost of courses		0.42	0.56