. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Apr 9.

Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2015 Mar 20;14(4):248–260. doi: 10.1038/nrd4539

Table 2.

Three-dimensional cell culture matrices and scaffolds for organs-on-chips

Matrix or scaffold	Cells	Application	Refs
Collagen	Lung cancer cells	Epithelial–mesenchymal transition	37
	Breast cancer cells	Invasion	68
	Breast cancer cells, bone-differentiated mesenchymal stem cells	Invasion, metastasis	33
	Vascular endothelial cells, endothelial pericytes	Tubulogenesis	73
	Cardiomyocytes	Cardiac contraction	48
Matrigel	Hepatocytes, colon tumour cells	Drug metabolism, anticancer activity	64,65
Matrigel	Hepatocytes, embryonic fibroblasts	Aggregate formation	68
Fibrin	Vascular endothelial cells, mesenchymal stem cells	Vasculogenesis	104,105
Alginate	Myeloblasts	Drug metabolism, anticancer activity	64,65
Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)	Oral squamous cell carcinoma	Tumour angiogenesis, anticancer activity	106
Foamed polylactic acid	Hepatocytes, brain cancer cells	Anticancer activity	76
Poly(ethylene) glycol	Hepatocytes	Drug metabolism	43