The 32P-labeled primers were extended by incubation of the DNA substrates with ϕ29 DNA polymerase (10 units) and the four dNTPs (1 mM in each) in Tris-HCl (50 mM, pH 7.5), MgCl2 (10 mM), (NH4)2SO4 (10 mM), DTT (4 mM), and bovine serum albumin (0.1 mg/mL) for 5–60 min at 24 °C. After reaction work-up, the primer extension products were subjected to electrophoretic analysis on a 20% denaturing polyacrylamide gel. Lane 1 is an iron-EDTA cleavage reaction on a synthetic standard of the full-length extension product (5′-32P-GAT CAC AGT GAG TAC AAT AGA ATA GAT GAA CTA AGA CAT ATA), lane 2 is the 15 nt, 5′-32P-labeled primer, lane 3 is the 5′-32P-labeled full-length extension product, and lanes 4–18 depict primer extension reactions on templates C, E, and G for the indicated times. The arrow corresponds to extension of the primer to the last base in the single-stranded region of the template.