. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 May 1.

Published in final edited form as: Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016 May;9(5):e003525. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.115.003525

Table 4.

Estimates of 4-year decline in grip strength^* in Health ABC participants by AF status at ages 70, 74, 78, and 82.

	AF status	Age 70 Est (95% CI)	Age 74 Est (95% CI)	Age 78 Est (95% CI)	Age 82 Est (95% CI)
Model 1	No prior AF	−1.67 (−1.89, −1.44)	−1.97 (−2.09, −1.84)	−2.27 (−2.42, −2.12)	−2.57 (−2.83, −2.31)
	With AF	−1.73 (−1.96, −1.50)	−2.03 (−2.16, −1.91)	−2.33 (−2.48, −2.19)	−2.63 (−2.89, −2.38)
	Difference^†	−0.06 (−0.09, −0.03)^‡	−0.06 (−0.09, −0.03)^‡	−0.06 (−0.09, −0.03)^‡	−0.06 (−0.09, −0.03)^‡

Model 2	No prior AF	−1.59 (−1.84, −1.35)	−1.91 (−2.05, −1.76)	−2.22 (−2.38, −2.06)	−2.53 (−2.80, −2.27)
	With AF	−1.65 (−1.90, −1.41)	−1.97 (−2.11, −1.82)	−2.28 (−2.44, −2.12)	−2.59 (−2.85, −2.33)
	Difference	−0.06 (−0.09, −0.03)^‡	−0.06 (−0.09, −0.03)^‡	−0.06 (−0.09, −0.03)^‡	−0.06 (−0.09, −0.03)^‡

Est indicates estimate. Model 1 adjusted for baseline age, sex, race, site, and interaction of age*sex. Model 2, additionally adjusted for smoking, moderate/heavy drinking, baseline BMI, SBP, DBP, abnormal cholesterol, creatinine, and interactions of age with BMI and creatinine, and for hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer as time-varying covariates.

Grip strength, scored 0-4, employed as a continuous measure.

^†

Difference is the difference in 4-year grip strength decline between Health ABC participants with and without AF by the specified age.

^‡

P<.001.