Table 1.

Chemical composition of Hedyosmum sprucei essential oil and characterization of active antioxidant and antibacterial compounds isolated, respectively, from (HP)TLC-DPPH^∙ and (HP)TLC bioautography assays.

Number	% area(a)	Compounds	AI exp(b)	AI lett	% area(a)
					Antioxidant fraction			Antibacterial fraction
					R f = 0.3	R f = 0.5	R f = 0.9	R f =  0.2–0.4	R f = 0.5
1	1.99	α-Pinene	929	932
2	1.40	β-Pinene	973	974
3	0.19	Myrcene	987	988
4	3.48	α-Phellandrene	1005	1002
5	0.27	p-Cymene	1021	1020
6	0.50	Limonene	1025	1024
7	0.31	β-Phellandrene	1026	1025
8	0.29	1,8-Cineole	1027	1026		6.84			1.16
9	0.82	trans-Ocimene	1042	1044
10	0.85	Linalool	1100	1095				6.01
11	0.76	δ-Elemene	1340	1335			1.95
12	0.98	α-Cubebene	1352	1345			1.13	0.59
13	5.08	α-Copaene	1377	1374			5.72
14	0.19	β-Bourbonene	1382	1387
15	0.72	β-Cubebene	1387	1387				0.87
16	1.87	β-Elemene	1388	1389			6.16
17	1.86	Methyl eugenol	1401	1403		60.23			26.33
18	15.53	β-Caryophyllene	1412	1417			23.14
19	0.37	β-Copaene	1424	1430
20	3.47	α-Caryophyllene	1451	1452			5.55
21	0.15	allo-Aromadendrene	1456	1458
22	0.22	cis-Cadina-1(6),4-diene	1459	1461
23	0.42	γ-Gurjunene	1470	1475
24	1.64	γ-Muurolene	1474	1478			2.28
25	23.16	Germacrene D	1479	1484			40.28
26	0.55	cis-β-Guaiene	1484	1492
27	0.31	trans-Muurola-4(14),5-diene	1487	1493				3.80
28	0.15	γ-Amorphene	1489	1495
39	1.71	Bicyclogermacrene	1491	1500			1.85
30	1.08	α-Muurolene	1495	1500			2.00
31	0.29	trans-β-Guaiene	1499	1502
32	1.82	Germacrene A	1501	1508
33	0.61	δ-Amorphene	1509	1511				2.57
34	0.50	γ-Cadinene	1512	1513
35	5.50	δ-Cadinene	1516	1522			8.78
36	0.22	trans-Calamenene	1520	1522
37	0.30	trans-Cadina-1(2)-4-diene	1530	1533
38	0.18	α-Cadinene	1535	1537
39	0.29	Elemol	1549	1548				2.59
40	1.13	Germacrene B	1557	1559			1.17
41	1.66	trans-Nerolidol	1562	1561				1.11
42	0.17	Spathulenol	1577	1577				1.77
43	0.91	Caryophyllene oxide	1581	1582		23.48			45.30
44	0.35	Humulene 1,2-epoxide	1609	1608		2.48			7.77
45	0.51	β-Atlantol	1617	1608				2.38
46	0.58	1,10-di-epi-Cubenol	1623	1621		4.12			18.81
47	1.71	1-epi-Cubenol	1630	1629		2.85			0.62
48	0.42	γ-Eudesmol	1634	1632				2.53
49	1.46	τ-Cadinol	1645	1638				3.33
50	1.12	τ-Muurolol	1647	1642				10.78
51	1.12	Cubenol	1650	1646
52	1.65	α-Muurolol	1659	1652	29.44			13.72
53	3.29	α-Cadinol	1662	1660	70.56			33.99
54	1.35	Selin-11-en-4-α-ol	1645	1638				9.33
55	0.22	Germacra-4(15),5,10(14)-trien-1-α-ol	1647	1642
56	0.62	Eudesma-4(15),7-dien-1-β-ol	1690	1685				3.12
57	0.19	γ-Costol	1694	1687
58	0.18	Mint sulfide	1730	1745
total	96.11

^(a)Relative peak areas were calculated by GC-FID. ^(b)Arithmetic indices were calculated on a Varian VF-5ms column.