Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study sample and nested subgroup.
| Variable | All participants (n=4116) | Nested participants with follow-up measurements (n=271) |
|---|---|---|
| 25-Hydroxyvitamin D level (nmol/l) | 59.4±20.3 | 65.9±21.4 |
| Age (years) | 61.8±10.4 | 60.8±10.2 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 2960 (71.9) | 218 (80.4) |
| Study site, n (%) | ||
| Bergen | 3369 (81.9) | 271 (100) |
| Stavanger | 747 (18.1) | — |
| Smoking, n (%) | 1301 (31.7) | 82 (30.3) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.8±4.0 | 26.9±3.4 |
| C-reactive protein ⩾10 mg/l, n (%) | 278 (6.8) | 13 (4.8) |
| Physical activity ⩾2 h per week, n (%) | 2135 (68.8) | 185 (70.3) |
| Vitamin D supplements regularly or daily, n (%) | 1191 (33.6) | 98 (37.5) |
| Diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2, n (%) | 491 (11.9) | 29 (10.7) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1928 (46.8) | 121 (44.6) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 141±20.8 | 142±21.6 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate, ml/min per 1.732 | 87.8±17.2 | 90.9±14.6 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia, n (%) | 2228 (57.9) | 162 (62.8) |
| Statin therapy, n (%) | 2982 (72.4) | 226 (83.4) |
| Extent of coronary artery disease | ||
| No stenotic vessels | 1035 (25.1) | — |
| One vessel | 952 (23.1) | 137 (50.6) |
| ⩾Two vessels | 2129 (51.7) | 134 (49.4) |
Continuous variables are presented as mean±s.d. and categorical variables as numbers (n) and percentages (%). Missing values: smoking (n=7), BMI (n=3), systolic blood pressure (n=12), hypercholesterolaemia (n=267), physical activity level (n=1015), C-reactive protein (n=1), estimated glomerular filtration rate (n=3) and vitamin D supplement use (n=523).
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index.